One of these is Ranunculus ficaria (Lesser Celandine, Fig Buttercup). It is only edible before flowering, and when cooked. It was popular in the past for providing vitamin C to otherwise scurvy-prone people. April 19, 2020 at 8:15 am. Reply. Lesser Celandine. The fig buttercup, also known as the lesser celandine or pilewort, is a non-native plant from Europe and Northern Africa that has the potential to become a very bad invasive species in South Carolina. Lesser celandine is toxic, when eaten raw or after the plant flowers. Lesser celandine (Ficaria verna) is a one such “spring ephemeral”—a term typically reserved for the native woodland plants that come and go in this narrow window of time, including many delicate beauties like trout lily and trillium. Lesser Celandine This plant is best eaten before it flowers, and should be cooked first because it contains protaonemonin, which is a toxic compound that is destroyed by heat. Ficaria verna, (formerly Ranunculus ficaria L.) commonly known as The Lesser Celandine is distinguished from the Buttercup by having nine or ten, even sometimes a dozen narrow petals, instead of five, and only three sepals (the outer, generally green leaves of the flower), which fall off on opening, instead of the usual five, which remain after the flower has expanded, in the other species of Ranunculus. But the leaf, as you can see above, is very similar. It spreads effectively and can produce carpets of yellow flowers under trees, on shaded hedge-banks and in woodland. It’s a great source of Vitamin C, but use it before it flowers and make sure to dry it or cook it before eating it as it contains a toxic compound that is destroyed by heat. Now, you may be thinking “Oooh, pretty buttercups.” But this plant has some nasty habits that are destroying native spring ephemeral wildflowers. Lesser celandine has three effective secret weapons for survival and spread. You’ll find it especially on wet sandy soils, in both shaded woodlands, and open areas. The flower of lesser celandine looks very different from violet, it's yellow and star-shaped. Lesser Celandine is a useful plant for shaded areas to provide colour during spring where little else will grow. Don't confuse greater celandine with lesser celandine (Family: Ranunculus ficaria). I had always thought celandines were poisonous until Mandy mentioned them last spring in her blog post on the edible lawn.It's important to note that the plant we're talking about here is the lesser celandine, Ranunculus ficaria, not the greater celandine, Chelidonium majus, which most definitely is poisonous and is completely unrelated to the lesser celandine. Primrose This plant wants to live! The first is a stockpile of underground tubers produced in the spring that are used to store carbohydrate shipped down from the leaves during their brief spring appearance. ... and edible plant beds. 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