White blood cells are then separated from the sample, mixed with tissue culture medium, incubated, and checked for chromosomal abnormalities, such as an extra X chromosome. Klinefelter Syndrome Klinefelter syndrome is one of the genetic disorders in males. rare disease research! Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic condition affecting males, and it often isn't diagnosed until adulthood.Klinefelter syndrome may adversely affect testicular growth, resulting in smaller than normal testicles, which can lead to lower production of testosterone. She had a look mixed from both genders. Occasionally, variations of the XXY chromosome count may occur, the most common being the XY/XXY mosaic. Mendelian disorders are controlled by a single locus and follow Mendel's laws of inheritance. Klinefelter syndrome is associated with an increased risk for breast cancer, a rare tumor called extragonadal germ cell tumor, lung disease, varicose veins and osteoporosis. This condition is associated with much comorbidity and with a lower life expectancy. Males … Trisomy in chromosome 21 is the cause of Down syndrome; it affects 1 infant in every 800 live births. Teachers can also help by using certain methods in the classroom, such as breaking bigger tasks into small steps. This syndrome is caused when a baby of the male sex has taken birth with an excess of X chromosomes that needed. Adult males may come to the doctor because of infertility. The percentage of cells containing the extra chromosome varies from case to case. The primary features are infertility and small poorly functioning testicles. Testosterone therapy is used to increase strength, promote muscular development, grow body hair, improve mood and self esteem, increase energy and improve concentration. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional. d) Klinefelter’s syndrome 6. Klinefelter syndrome, also known as XXY syndrome, is a genetic disorder that involves an additional X sex chromosome in males. Your doctor will likely do a thorough physical exam and ask detailed questions about symptoms and health. Chromosome analysis. Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is one of the most common genetic causes of male infertility. What are the symptoms? Klinefelter syndrome is found in about 1 out of every 500-1,000 newborn males. http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/klinefelter/Pages/default.aspx, http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=klinefeltersyndrome, http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000382.htm, http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/945649-overview, http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/klinefelter-syndrome/, http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/klinefelter-syndrome. Hormone testing. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. Although Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic condition, it is not typically inherited or passed down in families. Blood or urine samples can reveal abnormal hormone levels that are a sign of Klinefelter syndrome. So, parents who have a child with Klinefelter syndrome are not any more likely than other couples to have another child with the condition. Klinefelter syndrome is a chromosomal condition in boys and men that can affect physical and intellectual development. We want to hear from you. Often, symptoms are subtle and subjects do not realize they are affected. The chromosome analysis looks at a number of cells, usually at least 20, which allows for the diagnosis of genetic conditions in both the full and mosaic state. Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic condition in which a boy is born with an extra X chromosome. Variants of Klinefelter syndrome (such as 48,XXXY, 49,XXXXY) are much rarer, occurring in 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 85,000 or fewer newborns. Most commonly, affected individuals are taller than average are unable to father biological children (infertile); however the signs and symptoms of Klinefelter syndrome vary among boys and men with this condition. Klinefelter syndrome, disorder of the human sex chromosomes that occurs in males, one of the most frequent chromosomal disorders in males. klinefelter syndrome (xxy genotype) this sex chromosome disorder of males is usually treated with testosterone therapy (the men have feminine features) ... type of single gene mendelian disorder that is the mutation of an autosomal recessive gene. In this variation, some of the cells in the male's body have an additional X chromosome, and the rest have the normal XY chromosome count. It occurs because of a random additional chromosome in the egg, sperm, or fetus. Have a question? Klinefelter syndrome is a condition that occurs in men as a result of an extra X chromosome. The diagnosis may also be considered in the adolescent male when puberty is not progressing as expected. Medical & educational symptoms to watch for when receiving a diagnosis of Klinefelter Syndrome or one of its related variants. ... mal disorder, with a prevalence of 1 : 600, and it is a frequent form of male hypogonadism and infertility (Lanfranco et al., Many males consist of one X and one Y chromosome and an extra chromosome can cost a male with physical traits which are inappropriate for males. She was rumored to have a rare genetic disorder which gave her an advantage in sports over the others, but it was later diagnosed as klinefelter’s syndrome. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and Endodontolog y , 105 (5), 670-677. Delayed or incomplete puberty with lack of secondary sexual characteristics resulting in sparse facial, body, or sexual hair a high-pitched voice and body fat distribution resulting in a rounder, lower half of the body, with more fat deposited in the hips, buttocks and thigh instead of around the chest and abdomen, Abnormal body proportions (long legs, short trunk, shoulder equal to hip size), Opening (meatus) of the urethra (the tube that carries urine and sperm through the penis to the outside) on the underside of the penis (hypospadias) instead of the tip of the head of the penis, Social, psychologic and behavioral problems, Testosterone replacement:  About half of people with SK have low testosterone levels, which may be raised by taking supplemental testosterone. In some cases, low-level mosaicism may be missed. Both of the sex chromosomes in females are called X chromosomes. Living with a genetic or rare disease can impact the daily lives of patients and families. Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic condition that results when a boy is born with an extra copy of the X chromosome. Even though Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic disorder, it is not passed down through families. Down syndrome is the only autosomal trisomy in humans that has a substantial number of survivors one year after birth. The Klinefelter syndrome definition says that Klinefelter syndrome is a disorder commonly found in men. After puberty, KS boys may have Chromosomes are packages of genes found in every cell in the body. Learn more about the causes, symptoms, and treatment of Klinefelter syndrome. In some instances, XY/XXY mosaics may have enough normally functioning cells in the testes to allow them to father children. This section provides resources to help you learn about medical research and ways to get involved. The most common symptom is infertility. ; About one of every 500 males has an extra X chromosome, but many don't have any symptoms. Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a condition that occurs in males when they have an extra X chromosome. Causes Of Klinefelter Syndrome. A chromosomal analysis (karyotype) is used to confirm the diagnosis. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most frequent chromosome disorder in males (1:650 newborn males), defined by 47,XXY karyotype. Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus (link is external). Males have an X and a Y chromosome (written as XY). Physiologically, males inherit one X … Additional Resources for Klinefelter Syndrome, Genetics Home Reference: Klinefelter syndrome, American Association for Klinefelter Syndrome Information and Support. Klinefelter syndrome (KS), also known as 47,XXY is the set of symptoms that result from two or more X chromosomes in males. We want to hear from you. The syndrome can affect different stages of physical, language, and social development. We want to hear from you. Kleinfelter syndrome facts author: John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP. What are the symptoms of Klinefelter syndrome. Some males with KS have no obvious signs or symptoms while others may have varying degrees of cognitive, social, behavioral, and learning difficulties. Most often, Klinefelter syndrome is the result of one extra X (written as XXY). It is estimated that 1 in every 500 to 1,000 newborn males has an extra X chromosome, making Klinefelter syndrome one of the most common chromosomal disorders seen among newborns. The syndrome may also cause reduced muscle mass, reduced body and facial hair, and enlarged breast tissue. But Turner's syndrome is monosomy caused by absence of one copy of X-chromosome in females. All above mentioned disorders are caused by mutation in single gene locus and are inherited according to Mendel's law; hence these are Mendelian disorders. Because Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic disorder, it cannot be prevented. Klinefelter syndrome can be diagnosed using genetic testing prenatally or later. Klinefelter Syndrome (47, XXY) is a chromosomal variation in males in which one extra X chromosome is present, resulting in a 47,XXY karyotype. Klinefelter syndrome is a chromosomal condition in boys and men that can affect physical and intellectual development. Research helps us better understand diseases and can lead to advances in diagnosis and treatment. These resources can help families navigate various aspects of living with a rare disease. Boys may be taller than other boys their age, with more fat around the belly. Do you know of an organization? The existence of an extra X chromosome takes place when the genetic element splits unevenly in the egg. In simple words, the Klinefelter syndrome meaning is that males usually are born with an X chromosome and a Y chromosome. Several forms of therapy such as physical, speech, occupational, behavioral, mental health, and family therapy can often help reduce or eliminate some of the symptoms of Klinefelter syndrome such as poor muscle tone; speech and language problems; or low self-confidence. However, some men with an extra X chromosome have fathered healthy offspring, sometimes with the help of infertility specialists. Contact a GARD Information Specialist. The classical phenotype is that of a tall male with relatively long legs, small, firm testes and gynecomastia. This famous athlete was born as a female in South Africa. This section shows many of the possible symptoms associated with Klinefelter Syndrome, which is a spectrum disorder. Also Refer: Mendelian Disorders in Humans Let us learn more details about the Klinefelter syndrome, its causes, symptoms and available treatment. People with Klinefelter syndrome can experience breast growth, breast cancer, osteoporosis, infertility and learning difficulties. A genetic disorder is a health problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome.It can be caused by a mutation in a single gene (monogenic) or multiple genes (polygenic) or by a chromosomal abnormality.Although polygenic disorders are the most common, the term is mostly used when discussing disorders with a single genetic cause, either in a gene or chromosome. These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. It most often occurs randomly during egg and sperm creation in a parent or early on in embryonic development in a fetus. Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. The extra X chromosome typically affects physical, neurodevelopmental, behavioral, and neurocognitive functioning. If you do not want your question posted, please let us know. About half of the time the error occurs in the formation of sperm, while the remainder are due to errors in egg development. Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tool (RePORT), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Association for X and Y Chromosome Variations (AXYS). Humans have 46 chromosomes, which contain all of a person's genes and DNA. The aim of this review is to explore more in depth cardiovascular and metabolic disorders associated to KS. This may include examining the genital area and chest, performing tests to check reflexes, and assessing development and functioning.The main tests used to diagnose Klinefelter syndrome are: 1. She won the Olympic Gold medal for her country in the year 2016. (This is written as XX.) You can help advance Two of these chromosomes, the sex chromosomes, determine a person's gender. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. 2. It results from an unequal sharing of sex chromosomes soon after fertilization. Klinefelter syndrome, also known as the XXY condition, is a term used to describe males who have an extra X chromosome in most of their cells. Questions sent to GARD may be posted here if the information could be helpful to others. The most common symptom is infertility. Klinefelter's syndrome; XXY syndrome; 47,XXY syndrome; Klinefelter's syndrome; XXY syndrome; 47,XXY syndrome; XXY trisomy, placeholder for the horizontal scroll slider, Office of Rare Disease Research Facebook Page, Office of Rare Disease Research on Twitter, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Caring for Your Patient with a Rare Disease, Preguntas Más Frecuentes Sobre Enfermedades Raras, Como Encontrar un Especialista en su Enfermedad, Consejos Para una Condición no Diagnosticada, Consejos Para Obtener Ayuda Financiera Para Una Enfermedad, Preguntas Más Frecuentes Sobre los Trastornos Cromosómicos. There are 2 types of chromosome, called the … Do you know of a review article? The two sex chromosomes help a person develop fertility and the sexual characteristics of their gender. A man has enlarged breasts, spare hair on body and sex complement as XXY. Klinefelter syndrome is a frequent cause of hypogonadism, but despite hundreds of publications on different aspects of Klinefelter syndrome, only a few studies dealt with sexual dysfunction. If you have problems viewing PDF files, download the latest version of Adobe Reader, For language access assistance, contact the NCATS Public Information Officer, Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - PO Box 8126, Gaithersburg, MD 20898-8126 - Toll-free: 1-888-205-2311, Babies with the 47, XXY form of Klinefelter differ little from healthy children. It occurs when a male baby is born with more than required or extra X chromosomes. For more information on sporadic conditions can occur in a family, please talk to your genetic counselor. KS patients have an … In Mendel's F2 generation, one out of four plants had white flowers because.... A) the trait is sex-linked ... A genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele is A) sickle-cell anemia B) PKU ... Klinefelter syndrome E) both a and b. E. THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH... Chapter 8 Quiz. In this procedure, a small blood sample is drawn. Endodontic treatment in three taurodontic teeth associated with 48,XXXY Klinefelter syndrome: A review and case report. Genetics Education Materials for School Success (GEMSS), National Human Genome Research Institute's. A horizontal pattern on … Many but not all males with 47, XXY may develop signs and symptoms (features) of Klinefelter syndrome (KS) during their teen and adult years. Most men who have Klinefelter syndrome can expect to have a normal and productive life. Klinefelter syndrome is associated with an increased risk for breast cancer, a rare tumor called extragonadal germ cell tumor, lung disease, varicose veins and osteoporosis. Klinefelter Syndrome or XXY is a condition that occurs in 1 in 500 live male births. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD. What Is Klinefelter Syndrome? Once it is diagnosed, treatment may help reduce symptoms. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Enter your email address to receive updates about the latest advances in genomics research. expand submenu for Find Diseases By Category, expand submenu for Patients, Families and Friends, expand submenu for Healthcare Professionals. Identify a Mendelian disorder from the following a) Down’s syndrome b) Klinefelter’s syndrome c) Turner’s syndrome d) Phenylketonuria 7. The additional sex chromosome results from a random error during the formation of the egg or sperm. Early diagnosis, in conjunction with educational interventions, medical management, and strong social support will optimize each individual?s potential in adulthood. Most men who have Klinefelter syndrome are not able to father children. The results of one study on non-. Males who have Klinefelter syndrome may have the following symptoms: small, firm testes, a small penis, sparse pubic, armpit and facial hair, enlarged breasts (called gynecomastia), tall stature, and abnormal body proportions (long legs, short trunk). Educational interventions: As children, many people with Klinefelter syndrome qualify for special services to help them in school. The effects of trisomy are similar to those of monosomy. Klinefelter syndrome is a common genetic where a male is born with an extra X chromosome. School-age children may be diagnosed if they are referred to a doctor to evaluate learning disabilities. Do you have updated information on this disease? However, if mosaicism is suspected (based on hormone levels, sperm counts, or physical characteristics), additional cells can be analyzed from within the same blood draw. Having a more normal testosterone level can help affected people develop bigger muscles, a deeper voice, and facial and body hair, and may also increase sexual desire, enlarge the. Women who have pregnancies after age 35 have a slightly increased chance of having a boy with this syndrome. Men who have Klinefelter syndrome also have an increased risk for autoimmune disorders such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren's syndrome. Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a condition that occurs in men who have an extra X chromosome. Instead of the typical XY chromosomes in … Azoospermia and infertility are almost inevitably present, but may be overcome by TESE and ICSI. Many men who have Klinefelter syndrome do not have obvious symptoms. Klinefelter syndrome Klinefelter syndrome (sometimes called Klinefelter's, KS or XXY) is where boys and men are born with an extra X chromosome. Typically, a male has one X and one Y chromosome. Men who have Klinefelter syndrome also have an increased risk for autoimmune disorders such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren's syndrome. Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic disease that causes males to be born with an extra copy of the X chromosome in their cells. Klinefelter syndrome is a trisomy genetic disorder in males caused by the presence of one or more X chromosomes. We remove all identifying information when posting a question to protect your privacy. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov (link is external) Try our interactive tool for help finding information, services, experts, financial aid, and more! The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. 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